gre阅读经典文章实例分析
做多GRE实例了 GRE 阅读GRE实例的同学应该已经总结出来，阅读多数段落的主旨句都在一些很典型的位置。
最常见的写法是开门见山，开头即是主旨。
如果出现在中间也往往伴随典型的关键词给与读者足够的提示。
但在阅读的一篇高频文章中，有一段话的主旨出现在了一个表面看起来平平无奇的位置，因此导致关于这段话一道宏观题目的大规模错误。
这个段落全文如下：
①The Earth-Moon system has always been perplexing. ②Earth is the only one of the inner planets with a large satellite, the orbit of which is neither in the equatorial plane of Earth nor in the plane in which the other planets lie. ③The Moon’s mean density is much lower than that of Earth but is about the same as that of Earth’s mantle. ④This similarity in density has long prompted speculation that the Moon split away from a rapidly rotating Earth, but this idea founders on two observations. ⑤In order to spin off the Moon, Earth would have had to rotate so fast that a day would have lasted less than three hours. ⑥Science offers no plausible explanation of how it could have slowed to its current rotational rate from that speed. ⑦Moreover, the Moon’s composition, though similar to that of Earth’s mantle, is not a precise match. ⑧Theorizing a titanic collision eliminates postulating a too-rapidly spinning Earth and accounts for the Moon’s peculiar composition. ⑨In a titanic collision model, the bulk of the Moon would have formed from a combination of material from the impactor and Earth’s mantle. ⑩Most of the earthly component would have been in the form of melted or vaporized matter. ⑪The difficulty in recondensing this vapor in Earth’s orbit, and its subsequent loss to the vacuum of outer space, might account for the observed absence in lunar rocks of certain readily vaporized compounds and elements.
由于这段话的开头的句子读起来非常有概括性，很有主旨句的感觉，很多同学非常武断得认为主旨句是第一句。
但仔细往后读会发现，只有②③两句是围绕第一句的“地月关系很复杂”展开。
另一个可以提示第一句不是主旨句的思路是，第一句是典型的事实陈述，而阅读往往以观点为重。
接下来有些同学可能会认为主旨句是第④句，因为提出了 speculation即一种解释地月形成的理论——地球快速旋转，甩出去形成月球。
后半句表明这个观点是错误的this ideas founders on two observations也很有概括性。但这句所统领的 two observations 在⑤到⑦句即陈述完毕。
第⑦句的 moreover 也可以提示之前是第一点，第⑦句本身则是第二点。
这段话实际的主旨句是第⑧句。这句话作为主旨句来说在阅读的段落里是非常少见的类型，出现在段落的中间且没有出现转折词或小结词。
也正是因此而使得很多同学会忽略掉这个重要句。这句话承上启下，既总结了前半段的难题在于快速旋转学说（fast splitting）无法解释很多问题，又开启了下半段为什么titanic collision这个理论好。
在理解了这段话的实际结构与主旨后，这道题目你能做对吗GRE实例？
In the second paragraph, the author is primarily concerned with
A. arguing in favor of a particular theory about the formation of the Earth-Moon system.
B. summarizing conventional theories about the formation of the earth-Moon system.
C. anticipating and responding to criticisms of a particular theory about the formation of the Earth-Moon system.
D. explaining why the Earth-Moon system is considered scientifically perplexing.
E. questioning an assumption underlying one theory about the formation of the Earth-Moon system.
答案：A。
解析：对应第8句，整段主旨是为了支持新观点 titanic collision 理论。
gre issue 例子该怎么写
很多同学都误以为Issue就是托福考试中的独立写作，顺便写写，举个例子就好啦。但事实并非如此。
首先，就评分标准而言，Issue更侧重考察同学的说理能力，所以在理论论述和例子解析方面倾斜了更多的分数。
其次，就内容而言，例子是不可以用我们的父母，同学等非常personal的例子的，因为这些例子都很主观，说服性不强。
今天，我们就重点来讲讲在issue中如果通过有效的例子和分析来获得4+的写作分数。
在一个Issue的中心段落中，总共有5个核心结构：
1. Topic sentence
笼统描述一个可以支持自己观点的理由
2. Reasoning
细化中心句提出的理由
用2-3句话从不同的方面来证明这个理由的合理性
3. Example
有1-2句话描述一个例子
可以支持这个中心句
4. Analysis
针对例子进行切题的分析
将例子和中心句紧密地连接起来
5. Conclusion
总结整段话的内容
法律类题目一般是我们举例的重灾区，我们今天就来看一个经典的法律题目。
9. Laws should be flexible enough to take account of various circumstances, times, and places.
这道题目是很典型的N是M，对N进行拆分，那就把法律按照不同的领域拆分进行论述。
常见的领域拆分可以是政治，经济，文化等等，我们就以经济领域为例，来看看一个完整的核心段落的整体结构，以及我们对例子的使用。
TS
在经济领域，法律需要与时俱进，不断丰富自己的内容，更好的规范人们的经济行为。
Reasoning
随着社会的发展，人们拥有了越来越丰富的经济行为。与此同时，也会出现更多的违法行为。进而需要leaders制定相对应的法律法规。
Example
中国政府实行了很严苛的防电信诈骗法案。
Analysis
原来这样的法规是没有的，随着网络和电话的普及，很多人都会依赖这个先进的技术，从而变成电信诈骗的受害者。为了保护公众，政府才制定了这个新的法律法规。
Conclusion
所以不断丰富的经济行为会要求政府制定相对应的法律来保证金融市场的稳定。
这样我们完整的一段就写完了。大家会发现，相较例子本身，我们对例子的分析其实需要占据更多的字数，而这个部分是很多同学忽略的，以为描述一个例子就可以了。
但其实只有例子的内容而没有分析，是不会给我们带来更高的分数的。
同时，这样一段内容，想要字数达到130-150词左右基本没有问题。
所以，如果大家在平时做练习的时候，觉得自己的字数不够，那是因为我们的逻辑不够缜密，某些核心结构缺失。
在我们冲分班和小班的课堂上，我会和大家一起分享常见的破题方式和公式的灵活运用，确保大家可以在issue的写作过程中，可以形成完整的逻辑闭环。
求助两道GRE数学题解题过程
排列组合题解题步骤
首先我们把GRE排列组合数学题型分为两类：可“区分”的叫做排列;不可“区分”的叫做组合。用下列步骤来作一切的排列组合题：
(1)先考虑是否要分情况考虑
(2)先计算有限制或数目多的字母，再计算无限制，数目少的字母
(3)在计算中永远先考虑组合：先分配，再如何排(先取再排)
实例讲解
例子：
8封相同的信，扔进4个不同的邮筒，要求每个邮筒至少有一封信，问有多少种扔法?
第一步：需要分类考虑(5个情况)既然信是一样的，邮筒不一样，则只考虑4个不同邮筒会出现信的可能性。
第二步：计算数目多或者限制多的字母，由于信一样就不考虑信而考虑邮筒，从下面的几个情况几列式看出每次都从限制多的条件开始作。先选择，再考虑排列。
5个情况如下：
a. 5 1 1 1：4个邮筒中取一个邮筒放5封信其余的3个各放一个的分法：C(4,1)=4
b.4 2 1 1：同上，一个邮筒4封信，其余三个中间一个有两封，两个有一封：C(4,1) * C(3,1)=12
c. 3 3 1 1: C(4,2) =6
d. 3 2 2 1: C(4,1) * C(3,2) = 12
e. 2 2 2 2 :1
4+12+6+12+1=35种放法
GRE作文万能例子总结
GRE 作文 万能例子 总结 !我们在备考GRE写作的时候，需要储备一些万能的例子，方便我们在写作的过程中使用。那么具体的备考过程中，大家应该储备哪些万能例子呢?下面我为大家做了整理，供大家参考。
GRE作文万能例子总结
1、 表象与本质、目的与 方法 、批评与赞扬、批判与继承
表象的对立往往意味着本质的相同。
Superficial confrontation indicates the similarity of essence.
2、 教育 类
1. For instance, applicants with Computer Science degrees would not only be qualified for jobs in high-tech companies, they would also be well prepared for any job with computer skills as a prerequisite.
2. A good education is supposed to include everything from languages to mathematics to science, etc.
3. A well-rounded education leads to well-balanced people, which in turn leads to a tolerant, knowledgeable society.
4. There are a great many children thinking the main purpose of education should be to afford them pleasure and enjoyment. (注意there be句型后的名词再加动词不能用原形!)
3、科技与人文;创新与传统
科技貌似推动人类向前，可前方是一片彷徨;人文让我们照见过往，给了我们存在希望。
Technology seemingly pushes humans forward, yet forward to the unknown; humanities mirror humans into the past, the past of existence and hope.
4、成功与事业
1. Jackie Chan once told that when he was still a teenager, he and his partners were required to practice more than 12 hours a day; and it was said Jet Li was sent to be an apprentice when he was hardly four years old.
2. Bill Gates, as we know, dropping out from university when he found the possibility of earning money in a new massive market - personal computer market. As a result, he succeeded
3. Steven Jobs found Apple company when he was young, and when his business reached the peak, he was fired by directors of board. However he never lost hope and didn't give up. Jobs set up a new company named Pixar and made several famous animation movies. Finally when Pixar was bought by Apple, Jobs returned to Apple.
5、时间性题目
传统与创新、历史是否可以被借鉴、科技与人文、进步
时间对于个体来说是线性而不可逆转的;而对于整个宇宙，无非是一个周而复始的圆圈。
Time for individuals is consecutive and irreversible, but for the universe, just a repetitive circle.
6、政府与人民
人民除了权利，什么都没有，甚至没有使用权利的基本能力。因而他们选举了一个叫做政府的机构。
Citizens, apart from claiming to have rights, in fact, have no capability to exercise their rights. Therefore, they select a government.
7、个体与集体、身份、领导者与大众
他人给了你身份，故而，他们就是你的地狱。
Others bestow you an identity, and thus, they are the hell.
8、政治与道德
政治是权力的斗争和利益的平衡。民主只是用制度制约人性的本恶。
Nothing is politics but the struggle of power and the balance of interests.
9、教育、传统与创新、批判思考
教育用束缚的方式，启迪了人们如何通过继承而达到颠覆的目的。
Education, by means of confinement, enlightens people to inherit and then to overthrow the past.
GRE作文提纲怎么写
1、gre写作什么时候开始练习在模考时加入提纲?
答：觉得比较适合的是在最后10天到一周的样子。因为这首先需要在一定高强度的写作练习之后，再者，需要对题目已经有了一定的把握。很多的提纲在之前都大体列过时。然后在限时中加入提纲的写作。
2、gre写作用多长时间列提纲?
答：我的 经验 是ISSUE总体比ARGU短。ISSUE大体要2-3分钟，ARGU怎么都要3分钟。可能要5分钟。
3、gre作文提纲里都要包含些什么?
答：ISSUE来说，读第一遍题目时把关键词提出来，接着将核心话题列出来，根据这个话题开始一条一条列出你要写的东西;ARGU来说，因为题目比较长，所以读题的时间就要比前者长。第一遍建议先把每一个意群讲的是什么简要提出来，排上序号;第二从这些小短句分析其 文章 结构和主要错误;第三把自己对错误的阐述顺序列出来。这样差不多是可以的了。
4、gre作文列提纲的一些技巧
答：需要在练习中找到自己的记录法，哪种缩写是自己看得明了的。不要记出来的摘要最后自己还要辨析几分钟，建议在平时列提纲的时候就有意识的做一下限定时间练习，看2-3分钟能不能把大体的框架列出来。
GRE写作提纲的技巧：
一：明白什么时候开始练习在模考时加入新GRE作文提纲
对于考生来说比较适合的时间是在最后10天到一周的样子。因为这首先需要在一定高强度的写作练习之后，再者，需要对题目已经有了一定的把握。很多的提纲在之前都大体列过。然后在限时中加入提纲的写作。
二：了解需要多长时间才能列好GRE作文提纲推荐阅读：gre论坛 gmat论坛 托福写作机经 gre报名流程
我的经验是ISSUE总体比ARGU短。GRE ISSUE作文大体要2-3分钟，ARGU怎么都要3分钟。可能要5分钟。
三：弄清GRE作文提纲里都要包含些什么
对ISSUE来说，读第一遍题目时把关键词提出来，接着将核心话题列出来，根据这个话题开始一条一条列出你要写的东西;ARGU来说，因为题目比较长，所以读题的时间就要比前者长。
第一遍建议先把每一个意群讲的是什么简要提出来，排上序号;第二从这些小短句分析其文章结构和主要错误;第三把自己对错误的阐述顺序列出来。这样差不多是可以的了。
四：掌握一些制定GRE作文提纲的小技巧
需要在练习中找到自己的记录法，哪种缩写是自己看得明了的。要记出来的摘要最后自己还要辨析几分钟。建议在平时列提纲的时候就有意识的做一下限定时间练习，看2-3分钟能不能把大体的框架列出来。掌握了这些你就能轻轻松松拿到一个让你满意地GRE分数。
GRE作文 范文 ：过度专业化问题
GRE写作题目：
“Academic disciplines have become so specialized in recent years that scholars' ideas reach only a narrow audience. Until scholars can reach a wider audience，their ideas will have little use.”
近些年来，学科已经细化到了相当的程度以至于学者们的理念只影响小范围的人群。除非学者们能拥有影响等大范围的人群，否则他们的理念将几乎毫无用处。
GRE作文范文：
Although academic disciplines have become so specialized in recent years，scholars' ideas can still reach a wide audience by the advantage of the knowledge structure. We can simply put that it is the human beings' knowledge structure that makes it possible for a scholar's ideas in his specialized discipline to reach a much wider audiences who don't necessarily belong to his own discipline.
The reason why I draw this conclusion will be illustrated by recalling the process of social evolution.
During the passed centuries，the social economy has been greatly boosted by the revolutions in science and technology，which in turn increases the width and depth of academic disciplines to solve unencountered and more complex problems arising in the new situations. To solve new problems，we probably need new methods. That will undoubtedly calls for invention of new ideas，which will certainly adds to human beings' knowledge. Thus with the progress of science and technology，more and more knowledge will be added to the old system. A new problem will come： how the newly obtained knowledge is organized. This problem will be clear when we make classification of the new knowledge according to the old knowledge system. If there is content of the newly-get that doesn't properly belong to any sort of the old system，it means a
new discipline will emerge. But could we just assert that the newly formed discipline doesn't possess any relationship with any of the old ones? Certainly not. This is because the new knowledge is obtained through the old methods，which obviously means the new knowledge do have some connections with some old disciplines，otherwise I am quite sure we could not find it!
From the above，we can easily reach the conclusion that every academic discipline has certain relationships with some other ones. The structure of human's knowledge is just like the complexity of a net! And also it is a natural trend that academic disciplines become more and more specialized.
With the depositing and specializing process of knowledge，it causes humans to accommodate themselves to this situation. Because the God gives every person a limited time and energy，it is necessary for a person，who wants to make progress in his discipline，to adjust his knowledge structure to adapt to his research domain，that is to say，to be more devoted to his own research area. On the other hand，if he cares too much for unrelated or less related area，he will probably not be able to bring innovation to his main academic discipline. Simply put，we almost cannot find a man who constructs the Theory of Relativity and in the mean time composes symphony like Mozart's! So we can say every scholar must be more devoted to his own discipline than to others，but a wider knowledge of other disciplines sometimes involuntarily invokes sparks of new ideas.
GRE写作满分范文
"Wisdom is rightfully attributed not to people who know what to look for in life but to people who know what to overlook."
The quotation is certainly correct, insofar as it describes at least an element of wisdom. In other words, I do agree with the proposition, subject to the proviso that the achievement of wisdom may well also involve other traits or attributes.
Having qualified my answer somewhat, I must endorse the principles put forth in the quotation. Overlooking -- or, perhaps, forgetting -- is a crucial skill one needs to master in order to navigate the often-treacherous paths of life without undue torment. From my own experience, and from observations of friends, family members and business associates, I am well aware of the pitfalls which await those who fail to overlook the petty, the unnecessary and the irrelevant.
In modern America, as it happens, the importance of overlooking is probably greater than ever before. Even a person trying to lead a quiet, simple life encounters an endless stream of annoyances, errors and petty demands such as paperwork, filing numbers and taxes; long lines at the bank; exponentially aggravating traffic jams and sullen, uncooperative coworkers and neighbors. Those of us who cannot overlook such annoyances will invariably succumb to self-defeating dismay.
The ability to overlook also reflects a healthy sense of proportion and priorities. The wise "overlooker" will ignore his or her spouse's failings after making a considered judgment that these are outweighed, in the long run, by greater and more significant strengths. for example, what wise or reasonable person would destroy a marriage solely because an otherwise faithful, kind, generous, intelligent and prosperous partner occasionally tosses socks on the floor?
An elderly aunt of mine makes a striking example. Long widowed, she now spends her days sitting in her apartment, carping endlessly about the many relatives who have slighted her. Nobody calls enough. Nobody pays her any atention. Nobody cares, she says.
And, indeed, why should they? Who wants to visit with someone, elderly or otherwise, who does nothing but complain, find fault and scour for slights? Were she wiser, perhaps she would ignore or even suppress her interminable grievances and take more interest in the world at large, including the very individuals whose attention she purportedly craves.
The paradigm of overlooking applies with equal force in the worlds of business and politics. Look at Richard Nixon: a brilliant, often original thinker, he was nonetheless continually obsessed with minutiae and the unimportant. On some level, I'm sure, he himself realized the dramatic impact of such a glaring character flaw; when the situation was long past salvaging, he exhorted his staff and friends to "Never be petty," a dictum he honored far more in the breach than in the observance.
More prosaically, in business and everyday life, it is indeed the wise person who overlooks or ignores a vast amount. Why come home every day nurturing a grudge? Why spend time grappling with activities, people or attitudes which bring nothing but pain and torment? Still, most of us do, at least somewhat, and find ourselves far diminished for it.
In sum, I think it's safe to say that much in this world merits not even a cursory examination, and those among us are wiser and happier who can successfully budget their time and energy in order to avoid negativity.
Comments:
This is a thoughtful, well-articulated analysis of the issue.
The response opens with a clear endorsement of the stated claim, along with an acknowledgement that wisdom involves additional traits. The writer then begins building an argument that modern life is so full of "petty annoyances" that it would be "self-defeating" to pay much attention to them. Using, first, examples that illustrate the trivial demands encountered everyday (e.g., paperwork, traffic jams), the analysis moves on to personal types of experiences (a partner annoying habits; an aunt self-pity) and then to politics, where, the writer implies, Nixon met his political demise at least partly because of his obsession with "minutiae and the unimportant." The examples clearly support the writer position and lead effectively to the concluding observation about learning to "budget" our time and energy to avoid the negative aspects of life.
In several places, the skillful use of questions helps move the analysis along. And throughout, the skillful use of sentence variety and precise vocabulary combine to convey meaning effectively, as in this excerpt: "when the situation was long past salvaging, he [Nixon] exhorted his staff and friends to a dictum he honored far more in the breach than in the observance." This kind of insightful, articulate analysis merits a score of 6.
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