托福写作结尾模板
为托福独立写作范文了帮助大家写好托福 作文 的结尾段托福独立写作范文，不断提高自己的托福分数，下面我给大家带来托福写作结尾模板，来参考学习一下!
托福写作结尾原则
在之前的 文章 中我们探讨过如何快速准确地开头，如何避免一些常见的错误，包括语法错误和标点错误，那一篇好的作文肯定也离开一个漂亮的结尾，那么这里我们再来探讨一下如何做好托福独立写作的收尾工作。不
末段强化阅卷人对文章的整体印象。新托福官方指南指出文章末段通常要完成下列任务：
1讨论作者自己的看法的重要性
2 以不同的措辞复述文章的主题
3 总结 本文的主要论点
4 还可以包含轶事，引语，统计数字或者建议
托福写作结尾段句型
After pondering this question on many occasions, I have finally reached the conclusion that…
Given the factors I have just outlined, I believe that
All the reasons above have led to the conclusion that …
Finally, I want to reinforce my standpoint that….
In a word/in summary/to conclude, it is more valuable to…
In light/view of the above arguments, I would like to restate my point that
From what I mentioned above, we can draw a conclusion that
Based on that, we can safely assume that
With all factors being considered, it’s reasonable to believe that
In a word/in summary/to conclude, it is more valuable that
托福写作结尾模板
仔细解读了这个规定，我总结出了几个比较常用的文章结尾。
重申立场+总结理由
简而言之，此 方法 就是再陈述一下对于文章的看法，然后分别列出支持你的观点理由，这些理由全完可以是主体段落的主题句的改写
题目：More and more people are spending money on their pets, even though there can be other good ways to spend money.
From what I mentioned above, we can draw a conclusion that even though the sharp expense on pets may seem puzzling, when all things are considered, it is worth spending money on their pets. Since the emotional gratification people receive from their pets immensely far outweighs what they can get by spending in other aspects.
让步+转折
此方法特别适用于反对题目观点的结尾，就是先承认题目说的有一些道理，然而有更好的方法来或者更重要的方面。
题目：Good communication skill is the most important characters for a person who wants to become successful.
Admittedly, a silver tongue makes it easier to feed ourselves. (让步)However, we should also take into consideration the importance of our aspiration, practical capabilities, as well as commitment due to diverse requirements of different jobs.
重申立场+强调题目观点带来的后果
此方法特别适用于绝对类型的题目，因为一般太绝对的东西大家都会认为太局限，那这时候我们就可以强调一下该观点不是完全正确的，如果一直都这样做，会导致一个什么后果就可以了
题目：We should never be impolite in the modern society.
Being polite to others is a virtue, but sometimes being polite is only a twisted virtue. We should be gentle and polite to others in most cases, but if we still remain polite when treated intolerantly or even threatened rudely by bad people, it maybe brings about some bad consequences.
重申立场+提出建议
该方法是站在比较中立的立场所给出的自己的一个建议，适用范围比较广，我们只需在结尾的地方提出一些建议就可以了。
题目：. In order for a business to succeed, it must put more money in advertising.
In view of the above arguments, there are other aspects like investment, management, and services, that are of equal or more significance in a business’s success under different circumstances. That’s what enables me to come to the conclusion that putting more money in advertising isn’t always the ultimate solution to a business’s success. Given the fact that business thrives on high-quality products and services, it’s highly suggested a business maintain the quality of it’s products and services while focusing on the primary issues.
重申立场+反问句
就是重申自己的观点，加上一个反问句来结尾，我们都知道反问句都有增强句式的优点，所以此方法很容易让人们信服你自己的
题目：In order for a business to succeed, it must put more money in advertising.
To sum up, I agree that it is necessary for businessman to invest money and energy in advertising. From the perspective of business, how can one possibly deny that the advertisement make the products recognizable and trustworthy to buyers?
托福写作 范文 ：现在比以前更容易接受 教育
托福独立写作真题
Nowadays it is easier to be an educated person than it was in the past.
托福独立写作题目
It is easier to become a educated person today than it was in the past.
点睛
题目大意：成为一个受过教育的人现在要比过去更加容易。此题属于典型的古今对比，常见的思考方向有：科技水平、物质水平、受教育水平、人们的意识和观念、社会的趋势和政策。波波建议选择同意，因为高科技的产品出现和人们教育意识的提升。
托福独立写作范文一
As is known to all, receiving education has always been the main way for us to acquire knowledge throughout the human civilization history. Recently there has been a hot debate whether education today is more accessible to the public than in the past. As far as I am concerned, there is no doubt that people nowadays have much easier access to education with the following reasons.
To begin with, the advent of various high-tech products has enriched the ways and approaches to receive education. Obviously, with the introduction of advanced means of education, educational resources take on multiple forms such as distant education and online study, which make knowledge more accessible to us. However, in the past, the only way to get educated was to attend classess in traditional schools, which definitely increases the difficulty of gaining education. For example, in the process of making preparations for TOEFL test, I want to take class in Beijing New Oriental School. But I am an undergraduate student of a university far away from Beijing. Meanwhile, due to the academic pressure from my college study, it is impossible for me to take a month off and to have an intensive course in Beijing. Thanks to the online courses, I can take these classes in my college while handling the tasks and assignment from my field of study. The online courses make possible the in-time response to my questions and online submission of assignments.
Secondly, since more and more importance is being attached to education, it is much easier and essential to get educated than in the past. Under the society full of intense competition, acquiring formal education has become the essenital precondition for anyone to make a living. As a result, the public awareness of receiving education is much stronger than before, leading to a common phenomenon that an increasing number of parents send their kids to study abroad. However, in the bygone days/in the old days, the requirement for a person was not as strict as it is today, with the result that less attention was paid to education. According to a survey conducted by the National Educational Department in China, the number of students who take the national college entrance examination has risen from 88.3% in 2008 to 92.5% in 2013. Meanwhile, another research shows that the literacy rate in China has increased by 23.6% in 2013 compared with 61.50% in 1993. The above data has shown that the number of educated people has gone through a dramatic rise, which indirectly indicates that education now is more available to the public.
Admittedly, some areas in the world may be cited as an exception. For instance, people in the war-stricken areas including Iraq and Syria do not have easier access to education and some of them are even on the verge of starvation. In these areas, the current educational situation is not better than that in the past. However, such cases only occupy such a tiny percentage of the global population that they can be neglected.
In conclusion, I believe that it is much easier for the public to receive education than in the past with the aid of technology and the awakening sense of education.(By Zhaobo, 534 words)(新东方 赵波)
托福独立写作范文二
Access to education is an indispensable part of one’s privilege regardless of one’s gender, culture, and family background. When it comes to the availability of educational resources, some believe that it is more difficult for kids from common household to get decent education due to the wide gap between rich and poor and the ever-increasing tuitions, while others claim that it is much easier for people to have access to different educational resources than ever before. I, personally, tend to argue that multiple educational resources are more accessible to modern people based on the following reasons.
First off, the advent of technological gadgets makes it possible for people from common family backgrounds to gain access to education. To be more specific, with the appearance of smart phones, tablets and computer laptops, it is easier for people of all age groups, including adolescents and teenagers, to get access to all kinds of education resources. For example, with internet access and a laptop, which is basically a necessity for everyone, people of all age groups can get proper education especially with the establishment of massive on-line open course like courser, Edx, etc. These massive on-line courses covers a wide range of topics ranging from computer science, coding, to language learning and soft skill development. In sharp contrast, a few decades ago, people from poverty-stricken areas had never dreamed of attending the lectures offered by world-renowned professors, however, with the above-mentioned resources, it is absolutely possible for those people to realize their dreams. Thus, state-of-the-art technology makes if possible for people to have full access to high quality educational resources.
Additionally, governments have put so much financial and human resources to provide education at different levels so that people enjoy a better chance to be educated. For instance, Chinese government spared no effort in this regard since education from kindergarten to twelfth grade is fully subsidized and such educational experience is accessible to children from both rural and urban areas. Besides, institutions of higher learning and various research centers receive state fund, and the figure is so phenomenal that it is not exaggerated to claim that it is in billions of U.S. dollars. Such foundations can be for multiple purpose, like purchasing advanced science equipment, attracting bring young researchers and scientists, funding cutting-edge research to improve people’s livelihood, directly and indirectly. All of these institutions and universities are in a better position to provide education resources to people.
In conclusion, it is much easier for people to get education of all level ranging from kindergarten to tertiary education since education comes in handy with advanced technological tools like these massive on-line courses and governments’ effort to improve people’s educational experience. (By Meng, Yan ;565 words)(新东方 孟炎)
托福写作模板：老师很难既受欢迎又有效教学
下面给大家带来托福写作模板：老师很难既受欢迎又有效教学，欢迎阅读参考。
托福写作模板：老师很难既受欢迎又有效教学
题目：
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement:
It is difficult for teachers to be both popular (well-liked) and effective in helping students to learn.
Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
范文 1：Argument 1 (for)
It is very difficult for a popular teacher to really help the students learn to the best of their abilities. Popular teachers are more concerned about their image than about pushing students to do their best. As a result, popular teachers are often too easily distracted from the class content, they make the class too easy, and they focus on the students that respond best.
Popular teachers are invariably very social. They try to show that they are interested and involved in the students’ world by discussing sports, television shows, and other things which are not related to the subject. Although such conversation may be fun for the students, it leaves less time to cover class material. I had a teacher once who was so talkative that he only completed half of the topics on the syllabus. The students like myself who were interested in learning the material had to read the second half of the textbook on our own. Sharing funny anecdotes about his weekend activities, that professor did not effectively teach what needed to be covered.
Another potential problem with popular teachers is the desire to give good grades. If a teacher fails a student, the student invariably is not happy. Therefore, popular teachers often make tests very easy so that students can get high scores. This may satisfy students who don’t care about mastering a subject, but the top students are not challenged or pushed to study and reach a higher level of understanding. Giving everyone good grades does not make the class better; itkeeps the stronger students from testing their limits.
Finally, popular teachers often focus on the students who respond well to their teaching style and keep the class entertaining. They call on those students who answer the questions in a funny way rather than students who address the topic in a thoughtful manner. They may even highlight the accomplishments of a few students during their conversations rather than trying to engage and encourage everyone. As a result, some students feel left out, and may even stop attending class. The unpopular students lose motivation and do not excel because they are ignored in favor of students that cater to the popular teacher.
Popular teachers often do a poor job in helping all students learn because they are more interested in socializing than teaching the class material, they want to give good grades rather than challenge students, and they focus on a few students who like the teacher.
help the students learn to the best of their abilities 帮助学生尽其所能地学习
are often too easily distracted from 经常太容易分心
leave less time to do X 为做X留更少的时间
the second half of X X的后半部分
keep the stronger students from testing their limits 阻止较强的学生去测试他们的极限
left out 被忽视,被遗忘
cater to 迎合
技巧篇：托福综合写作考试秘笈
托福综合写作考试秘籍
1.指令一出来就立刻跳过
相信你对指令应该已很熟悉，因此只要指令一出现的haul就立刻用鼠标点Continue，将你的时间省下来以便能用在答题上。如果综合写作任务的内容是你并不熟悉的内容，不要担心。因为所有你需要回答的信息都包含在段落里。回答这些问题其实是不需要有任何背景知识的。
2.仔细地阅读材料
记住你只有有限的阅读时间。阅读段落时一定要去仔细的记笔记。同时还要去注意主要观点和主要的支持信息。千万不要写下你读到的所有内容。也不要写下太多不必要的细节。
3.仔细听
每段你都只能去听一次。在考试的时候你是不能重复这些段落的。所以边听的时候要边仔细记笔记。千万不要写下你听到的所有内容。同时也不要写下太多不必要的细节。主要还是要记下所听材料的要点即可。
4.组织自己的回答
回答应包括那些说明阅读段落和听力段落之间关系的主题句、还有支持主题句的重要材料、以及关于阅读材料的一个段落、那些关于听力材料的一个段落。
5.利用过渡词使你的回答连贯
如果能够显示出回答的观点是如何进行相互关联的，那么你的回答就会变得更加易读懂、理解了。
6.坚持使用你所知道的词汇、 句子 结构和语法点
这个时候并不是你尝试新词汇、以及句子结构和语法点的时候。注意那些显示在计算机屏幕上标题栏内的时间。该标题栏往往会显示本节考试所余时间、还有本节问题的总数、以及你所做问题的总数。
记住一定要提前几分钟写完你的答案，以便能留出编辑校对的时间。你应该去利用最后的3~5分钟去好好的检查自己的回答，然后去看看是否有句子结构问题和语法错误。
技巧篇：托福写作如何写出新意?
托福写作如何写出新意?在托福写作中，很多学生的写作结构都是五段三点的方式，但是要自己跌 作文 能够有创新，就要要学会规范中进入布局，那么今天三立在线我就为大家分析一下怎样才能让考生在托福考试中写出独具心得托福作文呢?
文章 规范的布局
对于托福写作来说，规范的写作布局还是必不可少的。五段三点式文章结构的文章结构，永远就是托福独立写作主线脉络，比如，在托福写作的过程中。中间段落的文章结构就是Transitional words + topic sentence +development。如果考生在平时能熟练运用这样的一个结构来展开作文，那么考场上就会凭借这份思维定势来帮助自己抓住每一分。
Transitional words主要有以下三种，即表顺序：firstly, secondly, finally(last but not least);表并列：besides, in addition;表对比：in contrast, in comparison。这些衔接词会让文章看起来脉络清晰，组织严密，也就做到了评分标准中的“well-organized”一条。
写作观点的确定
对于托福写作来说，有了规范的写作布局，只能托福写作冲刺高分最为基础的一个环节。而对于文章的新意而言更多的就是来自于文章观点的确定。那么，在托福写作中想要写出一个有新意的观点，还是需要有着一定观察能力的，原班套用范文或是模板的内容，自然是无法提起阅卷人的兴趣。但是，大家也不必为了观点的对错，过于深究。因为托福写作主要还是考查对于话题的论述。有了自己原创的话题，自然就不用担心之后论述上观点雷同的问题。不过，在这里还是需要提醒大家，不要过于纠结观点的深度，观点定位过深，一时之间不能找到论据，导致无话可说，反而造成适得其反的效果了。
例证内容的诠释
在托福写作过程中，想要完美充实的布局整个文章托福写作的例证内容是必不可少的。相信很多同学在备考过程中，也会在备考的同时，不断的累积一些新的例证资料。但是，托福写作中，关键不在于例证的新意，而是在于你如何用新的看法来解释这些老的论据。而在托福写作时候，我们有时也会使用到一些托福范文的语句，但是，需要提醒大家的是，我们也需要学会如何改写语句中的内容，即便是不会改写，那么也可以换掉一些关键词。
希望大家可以灵活运用上述讲到的写作 方法 ，让自己在托福写作中的文章脱颖而出，拿到高分。
托福写作范文：成功需要什么条件
In your opinion, what is the most importantcharacteristic (for example, honesty, intelligence, a sense of humor) that aperson can have to be successful in life?
在你看来，什么是最重要的特性(例如，诚实、智慧、幽默感)，一个人可以在生活中取得成功呢?范文：In order to achieve success in life, aperson must acquire many essential qualities, among which are confidence,respect, honesty, to name just a few. In my opinion, however, the single mostcritical quality would be optimism.为了在生活中取得成功，一个人必须获得许多基本素质，其中是自信，尊重，诚实，这些只是其中一部分。然而，在我看来，最关键的素质是乐观。To lay a foundation for further discussion,I would like to define success in the first place. In my mindset, success inlife is not measured by the thickness of the bucks you have, nor the applauseyou have received. Instead, it’s all about how you feel about yourself. If aperson tries hard to live his life to the fullest, whether he is a farmer or anentrepreneur, he has achieved success in my opinion. Then we’ll discuss aboutthe importance of optimism in our life.为进一步讨论奠定基础，我想首先定义成功。在我的心态，成功的人生不是雄鹿的厚度来衡量，也不是你得到的掌声。相反，它是关于你如何看待你自己。如果一个人努力充实他的生活，他是一个农民还是一个企业家，在我看来，他已经成功了。然后我们将讨论关于乐观的重要性在我们的生活中。First, no one’s life is always easy andsmooth from his childhood. Every one of us faces obstacles and failures at onetime or another. What really matters is to get back on our feet and go on withour dreams. Well, optimism then shows its potential. It’s the best tool to helpus regain our confidence and to stick with our lives. A host of famous wordshave been said on the topic “optimism”. I’ll simply choose my favorite: I’m aslow walker, but I never walk backwards. The sentence from Abraham Lincoln bestillustrates the critical role optimism plays in our lives.首先，没有谁的生活是容易和顺利地从他的童年过度而来的。我们每个人都面临着挫折和失败。真正重要的是脚踏实地和继续我们的梦想。然而，乐观显示其自有的潜能。这是最好的工具来帮助我们重获信心和坚持我们的生活。许多名言一直在说这个话题“乐观”。我只选择我最喜欢的：我是一个走得很慢，但是我从来不会后退。亚伯拉罕·林肯的句子最好说明乐观在我们的生活中扮演的关键角色。Also, vast research has shown thatoptimism, which probably leads to better moods, helps a person to stay healthyin a variety of aspects. Laughing, for example, helps reduce blood pressure,heart disease, and of course fight off depression. Always staying positive andtry to look on the bright side of things contribute to more laughter. In anothersense, we are staying optimistic, which can really improve our health.此外，大量研究表明，乐观，这可能会导致更好的情绪，帮助一个人在各种各样的方面保持健康。笑着，例如，可以帮助降低血压、心脏病，当然对抗抑郁。总是保持乐观，尽量往好处想的事情导致更多的笑声。从另一个意义上说，我们都保持乐观，这真的可以改善我们的健康。To sum up, if asked to choose the mostimportant quality to achieve success (in my definition), I would definitelychoose optimism, which helps us stay positive and directs us towards a betterand healthier future.总之，如果要求选择最重要的素质取得成功(在我的定义)，我肯定会选择乐观，这有助于我们保持积极，指引我们走向一个更好、更健康的未来。
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托福写作高分范文大全
托福备考的过程中，要想写作取得优势，多阅读一些 范文 是十分有必要的，下面我给大家带来托福写作高分 范文大全 ，快来学习吧!
托福写作高分范文大全1
Task：It has been said, “Not everything that is learned is contained in books.” Compare and contrast knowledge gained from experience with knowledge gained from books. In your opinion, which source is more important? Why?.
托福写作模板范文参考：
We all crave knowledge, especially in this Age of Information, but what is the best source of knowledge? Are we to believe Albert Camus, who stated” The place we are to get knowledge is in books”? Or are we better served by following Albert Einstein's counsel that “The only source of knowledge is experience”? Although books have their place in one's learning, there is no substitute for experience; indeed, it is experience that is ultimately the most important source of knowledge.
First, let us consider the knowledge needed to undertake a profession-for example, that of a physician. Knowledge gained from books provides the foundation of a doctor's training: study in a medical school begins with a near-overload of reading on anatomy, physiology and maladies both rare and common. However, during this time the medical student is also learning through experience, beginning with dissecting cadavers from almost the first day of medical school. Then, the aspiring physician must complete four years of residency, consisting of actual supervised experience at a hospital in which he or she now must put into practice all of the knowledge he or she has edge of dealing with patients, prescribing medication, and the joy and sadness of saving and losing patients; in other words, it is through experience that these residents finally learn what it means to be a doctor.
What about knowledge other than professional expertise-for example, knowledge about another culture? In this realm as well, both books and real-life experience enrich and edify us. For example, Paris is perhaps the most talked-about and written-about city in the world. We could read Hemingway's A Moveable Feast, in which he describes the excitement and intellectual spirit-as well as the restaurants and plentiful red wine-of Paris in the 1920's. Or, we could travel to Paris and eat at bistros, walk across the Pont Neuf and look at the river Seine, visit the Louvre museum, and have adventures of our own. Clearly, most people would have attained more lasting and vivid knowledge by visiting Paris on their own rather than reading about it secondhand.
In summary, experience, rather than books, is more central to our quest for learning, especially with regard to professional expertise. With regard to learning about another culture, experience is also irreplaceable. Yet not everyone in the world will have the health or financial resources to carry out a trip to Paris. But many people have access to a local library where they can borrow A Moveable Feast and, at no cost, read Hemingway's vibrant descriptions of Paris. We cannot forget the complementary and unique knowledge afforded by books, but experience is the most precious source of knowledge.
托福写作高分范文大全2
Task:“When people succeed, it is because of hard work. Luck has nothing to do with success.” Do you agree or disagree with the quotation above? Use specific reasons and examples to explain your position.
托福写作模板范文参考：
It is universally acknowledged that hard work is indispensable to success. Scientists toil for years before they make a major discovery. Students study for years before they are accepted by a top university. Self-make people work for a long time, even all their life before they make a fortune. However, less well-known is the essential role that luck plays in achieving one's goals. It is often luck that turns years of hard work into success: people discover and invent things with the help of luck, and so do they become famous and find jobs.
First, luck has helped a great number of people invent and discover things. Sir Alexander Fleming experimented with antibacterial substances for nine years before he discovered penicillin. He went through laborious trial and error, but it was on account of luck that he looked at the mold on a piece of cheese and got the idea for penicillin there and then. Benjamin Franklin had been trying to prove his idea that lightning and electricity is the same thing, but it was only in flying a kite that he proved it and the concept of a lightning rod happened to strike him.
Also, luck helps people become famous. Let us consider young authors. Many work hard to learn to write. For example, they take writing classes. Besides, they work at menial jobs so as to survive and gain experience. Then one day a lucky writer may have piece of writing published and attract public attention. Or the writer meets an editor at the right time and place. Years of continuous writing brings the writer to the door of success, but one lucky chance, like the shot in soccer, eventually helps him or her reap success.
Finally, luck has helped many people secure jobs. One may spend much time writing and sending resumes, reading recruiting ads, and going to job interviews. One may pond the pavement for a long time before getting a job. However, it is with luck that a job hunter meets the person who will offer a position to him or her, or learns of a vacancy that is not advertised. Being at the right place at the right time often helps one land a job, and this has all to do with luck. One can hardly succeed without hard work, but hard work without luck often leads to nothing. Luck has a great number of people find success. In fact, luck goes hand in hand with hard work.
托福写作高分范文大全3
Task:Some people believe that university students should be required to attend classes. Others believe that going to classes should be optional for students. Which point of view do you agree with? Use specific reasons and examples to explain your position.
托福写作模板范文参考：
Some people think that university students should be able to choose whether to go to classes or not. I could not disagree more with this idea. Even though students can have excused absences, for example, when they are sick or have something emergent to attend, generally they should be required to go to classes. In fact, attending classes has many advantages, three of them most important: learning from the teacher, interacting with classmates, and developing responsibility. Attending classes has the benefit of receiving the best that a teacher can offer. Good teachers review the difficult and key pints of the material in the course textbook. The best teachers do more than this. They conduct group discussion of the material, and present alternative points of view on the same issue. This increases students' real understanding and critical thinking.
Moreover, teachers supplement the textbook material with information provide by guest speakers, which further enhances students' understanding. All this implies that, if students are absent from class, it is tantamount to forfeiting their right to full benefits of teacher-guided learning in class. Going to classes also helps students learn how to work with their classmates. In class, students need to put forward their ideas. They have to take questions from their classmates and when their classmates have a different point of view, they have to defend their own. All this is conducted in a friendly manner. Interaction of this kind teaches students about how to work with other people.
Finally, going to classes enables students to develop responsibility. Having to finish all the assigned readings before class helps prepare them for getting a job. So does the requirement of being punctual for class. Similarly, having to complete assignment on time for class helps them to foster responsibility.
Admittedly, students can obtain information from books, but they benefit a great deal more when they go to classes. They have the advantage of learning from their teacher, of interacting with other people, and of developing the responsibility required of a good worker as well as a good student. If these skills in life are in no sense optional, how can attending classes in a university be optional?
托福写作高分范文大全4
托福考试 作文 题目：
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Most experiences in our lives that seemed difficult at the time become valuable lessons for the future. Use reasons and specific examples to support our answer.
托福考试作文参考分析：
举一些例子支持题目中的观点，确实有些痛苦经历对将来毫无帮助。
托福考试作文范文参考：
Some people argue that most experiences in our lives that seemed difficult at the time can later become valuable experiences. I cannot agree with them more. There are numerous reasons why I hold confidence on this opinion, and I would explore only a few primary ones here.
Difficulties are beneficial to our personal growth. In the course of our life, we will face numerous difficulties, and each difficulty will help us grow up, and become a valuable lesson for the future. A toddler fells off the ground for many times before he knows how to walk, and a child learns how to swim after he drinks water in the swimming pool. In addition, only after we experienced failures, we know the value of success. We will never appreciate anything that comes so easy. Difficulties can make us feel stronger and be more confident for the future obstacles.
Furthermore, difficulties in our work can help us gain more experience and knowledge. Most of the times we can gain knowledge and experiences faster through experiencing difficulties in our life and trying to find a solutions to the perplexities that we face. There is a famous saying, "no pain no gain." For example, when we take on a new job that we do not have much experience in, the first few weeks can be extremely painful and we may feel enormous pressure and difficulties. And we will try our best to adjust, to learn and to think, how to do this job better. The more difficulties we feel, the harder we try to acquire the skills and knowledge to overcome it. Learning and this stage is extremely efficient and our problem solving skills well increase. After we overcome more and more problems, we can become an experienced worker in this field and will be able to take on more challenges. We will never fear that we will face the same kind of problem again. This means that we have accumulated valuable experiences for the future.
In a word, a difficult experience is a gift that life gives us. We should appreciate it and take it as a precious opportunity to gain knowledge and experience about our study, work and life.
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求托福独立写作部分的万能例子
1.创新
Marcel Duchamp
先是 马塞尔 杜尚，这是现代艺术史中的传奇人物，创意百出，信马由缰，最出名的乱搞是在摊上买托福独立写作范文了一个尿池，命名为《泉》，拿到艺术馆展出。杜尚家底十分殷实，是少有的走在时代尖端而不用忍受贫穷的艺术家。托福独立写作范文他涉及的艺术领域极其广泛，可以看作近代艺术里的达芬奇。
他的例子几乎可以用到所有跟艺术相关的题目，其他类的部分题目也可以用(比如创新，outsider什么的—用来做补充托福独立写作范文：不需要是外来者，只要保持观念开放依然可以成就breakingthrough的achievement)
背景：French-born American artist (though he always denied being “an artist”)
His works had a major impact to the direction of 20 century art. All his life, he changed the form of art as well as himself. He introduced the European movement Cubism(立体主义) and dada(达达主义) to United States, and was influential in surrealist(超现实主义，很有名的达利就是搞这个的) movement.
此外他还和installation art(装置艺术), concept art(概念艺术)这些现在很火的艺术形式有关
泉的例子：Fountain, an ordinary, mass-produced urinal that has been transformed into a work of art simply by being exhibited in a gallery and receiving a new title.
他说过一句话，Art may be bad, good or indifferent, but, whatever adjective is used, we must call it art, and bad art is still art in the same way as a bad emotion is still an emotion.
可以用来扩展解释他思想的开放，同时把art和形容词换掉也是很好的 辨证类型的 GRE句子
2.现实对艺术的影响
Dada
前面说到的达达主义。因为跟社会、战争联系很紧密，所以拿出来讲：
DADA是一战以后欧洲的诗人画家搞的，因为战争的残酷让他们意识到之前的那些形而上的出世的艺术很没意义，有一部分就开始搞更没有意义的DADA(汗~~~事实就是这样Di)
The slaughter of World War I affected artists in different ways. Some felt, as Mondrian did, that human betterment lay in the creation of an impersonal, mechanistic way of life. Still others concluded that the very idea of human betterment was a pointless illusion. For this group, the main lesson of the war, if anything, was the bankruptcy of reason, politics, technology, and even art itself. On this premise, several artists and poets founded a movement whose name, dada, was purposely meaningless, and whose members ridiculed anything having to do with culture, politics, or aesthetics
再补充一个现实跟艺术相连的，名气大一点，老朋友Picasso，不过是以作品为突破口，应该不会那么多雷同
Guernica(就是一副长的、上面都是牛头马面的画，Guernica是西班牙北部的小镇，德国人把那炸了，毕加索听到后悲愤丛生，就画了它)
《Guernica》 The painting’s color scheme proved effective for conveying the cruel reality
Spanish painter Picasso created the masterpiece when he heard of the bombing of Guernica during Spanish Civil War
3.另一些悲惨的艺术家
伦勃朗Rembrandt, 维梅尔Vermeer (荷兰黄金时期的两个大师，手法创新，在光影表现上都有独到之处。都不受同时代人重视，很符合大家心目中艺术家的Stereotype，可以用来替换梵高、毕加索这类妇孺皆知的大佬)
Rembrandt(艺术成就上比Vermeer高点)
Rembrandt, Dutch baroque artist, who ranks as one of the greatest painters in the history of Western art. His work made an enormous impact on his contemporaries and influenced the style of many later artists. Perhaps no painter has ever equaled Rembrandt's chiaroscuro effects or his bold impasto.
Vermeer(不知道大家看过《戴珍珠耳环的女孩》girl with a pearl earring吗，就是说他的，不过故事是假的，Vermeer的日子可能比电影里更惨)
Jan Vermeer reputed the greatest painter besides Rembrandt in Dutch Golden Age, had a marvelous ability in expressing lights and shadow, but he died young left his family no legacy but deep debt. During his lifetime, he had not sold one piece of his paintings. After his death Vermeer did not receive attention until the late 19th century. His reputation steadily increased thereafter, and today he is considered one of the greatest Dutch painters.
4.跨专业的牛人
跨专业领域,outsider achievement的文章很适用
艺术》数学
M.C. Escher (艾舍尔，就是画图形渐变、现实中不存在的空间的画的人，很牛，也很神经质，他只上过中学，作品却很受数学家推崇。)
Dutch M.C Escher leaps from art to mathematics. Escher had no formal mathematical training beyond secondary school, but his fantastic print works, such as Escher Limit Cycle and Day and Night, are most greatly admired by mathematicians, who recognized his work an extraordinary visualization of mathematics principles, and considered him a part of them.
数学》艺术
分性艺术创始人，IBM研究院搞数学、物理的，结果创造出了新的艺术形式，分形艺术。
Benoit Mandelbort was a scientist at IBM Watson Research Center. On his retirement from IBM, he joined the Yale Department of Mathematics. By now, you can tell any connections between him and art. Nonetheless, he has created a new geometry of nature called fractal that is centered in physics and mathematics, and being reputed as a innovative form of art. The explanation is that artist and scientist are expressing in distinct methods but journeying the same destination, such as balance, harmony, symmetry, and the like.
5.现代与创新的结合
就是大家都很了解的设计中银大厦，卢浮宫金字塔的老贝，这里引用的是卢浮宫的例子。
Louvre, national art museum of France.
Chinese-born American architect I. M. Pei designed this controversial glass pyramid (completed in 1989) at the entrance to the Louvre, a museum in Paris, France. Noted for his unique arrangements of geometric shapes, Pei also earned a reputation for his creative use of space, surfaces, and materials. One of the foremost architects of the 20th century, Pei has designed important public and corporate buildings throughout the world and has worked with urban renewal.
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