托福真题作文《拥有多项技能的人更成功》
People who develop different skills are more successful than people who develop one skill only.
托福写作范文参考:
When it comes to the qualities of successful people, people varying in education background and experience tend to give distinctive answers. Some would argue that those who are successful should be versatile and excel in lots of skills like communication skills, leadership skills and even organizational skills while others believe that one who is exceptional in one area is more likely to be successful. I personally believe that a versatile person with various skill sets can be more successful.
Admittedly, as the saying goes Jack of all trades and master of none and there are rare cases where some people who are expert in only one field stand out. However, it is more common for versatile people with multiple skills to be successful because of the following reasons.
First off, people who are talented and versatile are more competitive and competent in their career, and they enjoy a better change to be promoted in a professional setting. Actually, a lot of positions require a combination of skill sets, such as paying attention to details, knowledge in a specific field and communication skills, etc. Indeed, more skills will give someone more chance to get promoted. For instance, if a computer programmer just knows how to write program and focuses only on the technical side of the job, chances are that he would never get promoted. On the other hand, if not only does the computer programmer have programming skills but also he is a genius people-wise, he might get a better shot to be promoted as a manager in charge of a team of computer programmers. Thus, he can enjoy more opportunities in his career.
Additionally, it is much easier for a versatile person with various skill sets to build rapport with people and make friends. It is self-evident that people with all kinds of skills will be very attractive and charismatic. A person who not only has professional knowledge in one specific field but also has people skills and leadership skills will be very popular and standing out among his or her peers. For instance, my friend Alex, a bright young professional working in the financial industrial. He was awarded the most valuable banker in his company because of his professionalism and dedication to serving the customers and clients. Not only is he successful in his professional life, but also he is an amateur violinist. Actually, he plays for a city choir to represent the community and go against other cities' choir. Such skills can be very useful when building up connections with people and thus he can expand his social network easily. Furthermore, he can use these skills to entertain his clients and customers on certain occasions and have their trust on him.
In conclusion, a versatile person with various skill sets can be more competitive and outstrip others in the workplace, eventually they enjoy better chance to be promoted. Another advantage of having multiples skills is that it can be much easier and readily for them to network and expand their social connections.
附:托福作文怎么写?
1:确保你的笔迹是尽可能清晰。
Handwriting that is hard to read may unconsciously prejudice the readers who are grading you essay. Be sure your handwriting is not too small or too large。
2:遵循一个明确,逻辑结构。
All TWE essay should consist of three basic parts:
An introductory paragraph
An body: consists of two or three paragraphs。
A concluding paragraph
3:使用具体的`例子,具体原因。
Whenever you make a general statement, you should support it with specific examples。
4:使用信号词来表示的转换。
Signal words can be used to join paragraph to paragraph and sentence to sentence。
5:使用不同的句子类型。
Good writing in English consists of a more or less equal balance between short, simple sentences consisting of only one clause and longer sentences containing two or more clauses. Therefore, make an effort to use sentences of various lengths。
托福写作话题解析及范文:关于20年后
为了帮助大家高效备考托福,熟悉托福写作 范文 ,下面我给大家带来托福写作话题解析及范文:关于20年后,希望对大家托福备考有所帮助。
托福写作范文:20年后人们将使用比现在更少的车
首先,综合写作改套路了,听力不再去反驳阅读了,而是去回答阅读中的问题。而独立写作的题目里竟然出现了一行小字: Be sure to use your own words. Do not use memorized example. 哦买尴!这简直就是继 乒乓球 由小改大后专为沦陷亚洲人而设计的规则变更嘛!帝国主义亡我之心不死啊!
宝宝们别慌。今天,我们就来给各位献上高分 作文 剖析。
(阅读提示:请大家先整体读一遍TPO35的题目及范文,后面会有我的分段解析)
TPO 35
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?
In twenty years there will be fewer cars in use than there are today.
Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
大神 文章 :
The Earth today faces many problems. Among these problems, the top three, in some people's perspective, are probably global warming, pollution and energy crisis. All three, if we really look into them, can be connected with the pervasive use of private cars. It is because of this, I agree with the statement that there will be fewer cars in twenty years comparing with today.
First of all, people will definitely use fewer cars. If we look at the global media, we are seeing an increasing consciousness on environmental problems. Be it the famous documentay by Al Gore, An Inconvenient Truth, or the "Earth One Hour" movement. They all indicate a global consensus: "We need to help the environment". So what's the easiest way to help? Using fewer cars. According to a survey conducted by the Ministry of Environmental Conservation in China, more than 40 percent of carbon dioxide produced by individuals are from private cars. If the trend of eco-friendly consciousness continues to grow in the next 20 years, people will, without a doubt, use fewer and fewer cars. So, in a nutshell, the first reason why people will drive less in twenty years is because they will be more environmentally-concerned.
Another key aspect is that, in twenty years, there will be fewer people in the world. If there are fewer people in the world, of course there will be fewer cars. If we are sensitive to global trends, we can see that a lot of countries in the world are facing a decrease in population. The biggest contributors to population growth, China and India, are also experiencing a decrease in the rate of population increase. In 20 years, I am confident that there will be, without a doubt, fewer people in the world. In this case, there will be a decrease in the needs of transportation. So, it is logical to assume that there will be fewer cars in the world twenty years from now.
A final argument I want to make is based on the ever developing technology. In the past twenty years, we have seen tremendous innovations taken place in the field of transportation. From high-speed trains to cars that run on electric, there is simply no telling what might happen twenty years from now. Considering how much we have achieved in the past twenty years, it is not so improbable for me to say that we might not even need cars in the near future. Who's to say that we won't be traveling on more efficient vehicles? Or maybe public transportation may become so convenient that we won't even consider using private transportation ever again? The fact is, we cannot deny these possibilities for they are very likely to happen. In this light, I am definitely supportive of the view that there will be fewer cars in the future.
From my arguments above, I think I am very optimistic about the future. I believe that, in twenty years, we will be living in a society with much fewer cars. And I am looking forward to that future.
首先我们来破题。
这是传统的独立写作题型,由三句话组成:第一句 “Do you agree or disagree with the following statement”是考生要完成的task,第二句 “In twenty years there will be fewer cars in use than there are today”是写作话题topic,第三句 “Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer” 是题目给你的requirement。所有考生都知道一篇作文必须“扣题”,在托福作文里就是去扣这三句话。这样一说,你是不是立马理解了5分标准里的前两条了?
第一条“Effectively addresses the topic and task”,就是指扣题目里的前两句话。 第二条“Is well organized and well developed, using clearly appropriate explanations, exemplifications and/or details” 就是扣题目里的第三句话。读到这里,请各位宝宝们 反思 一句:扣题,你真的做到了吗?
因此,我们在写这道题时,就一定要紧紧扣住“20年后人们将使用比现在更少的车”这个话题,并呈现这样的分段:开头段一定要提出自己是否同意这个观点,正文段用reasons和examples去论证自己的观点,再用结尾段收束整篇文章,搞定。
再看看姚神的,啊呀,与我的分段方式不谋而合呢!开头段立论,3个正文段发展,结尾段收束——完美!有没有发现很好地符合了5分标准第二条里面的“is well organized”?童鞋们现在还敢不敢乱分段了?哼(傲娇脸)。哈哈,接下来再细看每一段吧~
文章分析
01
The Earth today faces many problems. Among these problems, the top three, in some people's perspective, are probably global warming, pollution and energy crisis. All three, if we really look into them, can be connected with the pervasive use of private cars. It is because of this, I agree with the statement that there will be fewer cars in twenty years comparing with today.
开头段最核心的功能是“立论”,也即回答题目的第一句话,表明自己的观点是同意还是不同意。姚神开头段的最后一句就是个明确的立论:同意题目观点。当然姚神在立论前还做了lead-in,作用是告诉大家写这篇文章的背景,引起读者兴趣。不过请注意,各位同学可别硬拽高端写法。如果你的打字速度呵呵哒,那么为师强烈建议第一段直接立论;否则正文段没时间好好写,那可就得不偿失啦。
02
First of all, people will definitely use fewer cars. If we look at the global media, we are seeing an increasing consciousness on environmental problems. Be it the famous documentay by Al Gore, An Inconvenient Truth, or the "Earth One Hour" movement. They all indicate a global consensus: "We need to help the environment". So what's the easiest way to help? Using fewer cars. According to a survey conducted by the Ministry of Environmental Conservation in China, more than 40 percent of carbon dioxide produced by individuals are from private cars. If the trend of eco-friendly consciousness continues to grow in the next 20 years, people will, without a doubt, use fewer and fewer cars. So, in a nutshell, the first reason why people will drive less in twenty years is because they will be more environmentally-concerned.
正文段的作用是啥?论证你的观点。换句话说,论证你的第一段立论。你第一段立的啥论,后面就要一门心思去证明它。如果正文段与第一段没有完美印证,而是走歪了,那就违反了5分标准里第三条的第一个词 “unity”(统一、一致)。此外,用啥论证?题目要求里不说了么,reasons and examples. 看看姚神这段,以段落中部的according to a survey为分界点,前面是reason,后面是example,是不是正中5分标准的下怀呢?曾经有同学问我:“老师,一定要写example吗?我觉得老写my cousin Tom好low啊……”答案请见姚神作文,example不一定非要写cousin Tom或者隔壁老王嘛,你也可以写一个survey啊。当然,前提是,你真真切切地了解一个真实的survey,你可别到考场上自己胡编乱造啊。胡编乱造的最大特别就是细节缺失,而考场临时凑出来的survey绝对会细节缺失,一看就是假的,想给你分都难啊!
最后,嘿嘿,不得不请大家注意一下,有木有发现姚神第3句的documentary打错了,少了个字母 “r”?哈哈,其实呢,这种不影响读者理解的小笔误,就是5分标准里第四条的minor lexical errors(微小的单词错误),是不会影响你拿满分哒!
03
Another key aspect is that, in twenty years, there will be fewer people in the world. If there are fewer people in the world, of course there will be fewer cars. If we are sensitive to global trends, we can see that a lot of countries in the world are facing a decrease in population. The biggest contributors to population growth, China and India, are also experiencing a decrease in the rate of population increase. In 20 years, I am confident that there will be, without a doubt, fewer people in the world. In this case, there will be a decrease in the needs of transportation. So, it is logical to assume that there will be fewer cars in the world twenty years from now.
再看姚神的第二个正文段。大家细看一下我挑出来的这些词:another key aspect, if, in 20 years, in this case, so. 有没有发现有啥共同点?没错,它们都有连接作用,凸显前后文逻辑。很多同学在表达观点时,不擅长使用连接词,导致观点之间逻辑不紧密,让人感觉不到在一步步论证自己的观点。这就与5分标准第三条里的两个词 “progression(进展)”和 “coherence(连贯)”相悖。当然,如果你写了一堆连接词,但其实句意根本不是那层逻辑,那也是完全没用的。比如:“我喜欢吃苹果,所以我妈种了很多桔子。”这个 句子 里确实有连接词“所以”,然而这逻辑——这位同学是在逗我吗?你好歹也要加个背景“我是捡来的”吧!
04
A final argument I want to make is based on the ever developing technology. In the past twenty years, we have seen tremendous innovations taken place in the field of transportation. From high-speed trains to cars that run on electric, there is simply no telling what might happen twenty years from now. Considering how much we have achieved in the past twenty years, it is not so improbable for me to say that we might not even need cars in the near future. Who's to say that we won't be traveling on more efficient vehicles? Or maybe public transportation may become so convenient that we won't even consider using private transportation ever again? The fact is, we cannot deny these possibilities for they are very likely to happen. In this light, I am definitely supportive of the view that there will be fewer cars in the future.
第三个正文段——说到这会有同学打断我:“老师,我能不能只写两个正文段?”可以呀,大家看姚神这篇作文511个字,是大家在考场上能望其项背的么?能打400字就是考神附体了好么!所以,只写两个正文段,只要扣题了,发展清楚了,没有问题哒~~另外说下姚神这段的语言,用了两个rhetorical questions修辞性疑问句,在汉语里我们称之为“反问句”或“设问句”。这非常好地满足了5分标准里第四条的syntactic variety句法多样性。说到这里,有没有发现姚神这篇作文真的是360度全景符合5分标准呢!
05
From my arguments above, I think I am very optimistic about the future. I believe that, in twenty years, we will be living in a society with much fewer cars. And I am looking forward to that future.
再看最后一段,最后一段其实在托福写作中的作用不大,收束全文再次点题即可。姚神的这段结尾除了中规中矩地收束以外,还加了句对未来的展望 “I am looking forward to that future”。但是还是提醒大家别在展望上写太多哈,为师担心你把展望写成了一个新观点,但却没有展开它,那可就违背了well developed这一点啦。还是那句老话,高端写法别硬拽,乖乖把时间留下来去发展正文段吧~
托福写作题目分析:20年后人们将有更多休闲时间
今天需要练习的写作题目:
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? In twenty years, people will have more leisure time.
--2007.6.9
先针对如上写作题目写句子
在我看来,人们将来肯定会拥有更多的休闲时间。因为科技发展速度惊人,以至于处理很多工作时都会更加地高效、省时、便捷。
翻译:
答案: In my point of view, people will definitely have more leisure time in the future, because technology has been developing at so fast a rate that it will be more efficient and, hence, time-saving for people to deal with most of their work.
汉英翻译练习对应的段落:
模拟主干段
(1)在我看来,人们将来肯定会拥有更多的休闲时间。
(2)因为科技发展速度惊人,以至于处理很多工作时都会更加地高效、省时、便捷。
(3)二十年前的人们不敢想象每个人的办公桌上都有一台强大的电脑---需要用手填写的一天的表格,现在用计算机往往只需要一小时就能完成;尽管我并不知道,二十年后我们将用什么样的高科技工具来提高工作效率,但进一步提高闲暇时间是肯定的。
(4)如果你回顾中国公共假日的历史,从每周休息一天,到一天半,最后演化到现在的双休日---你就会赞同社会进步对人们闲暇时间的增加的确很有促进。
托福写作语料库:20年后学生们是否不再使用纸媒书籍
【观点类】
In twenty years from now, students will not use printed books any more. 20年以后,学生们将不再使用纸媒书籍,是否认同? (2009年3月29 日)
【题目解析】20年以后,学生们不再使用纸媒书籍 = 电子书籍可以完全取得纸媒阅读,是否同意?
【作家立场】电子书籍有其优势,但是,纸媒书籍依然不会被代替,尤其是对于学生而言。
【写作思路】让步反驳:三分让步;七分反驳
【新东方网薛鹏思路拓展】
纸媒书籍存在的理由和不可替代性:
1. 无论电子阅读多么便利和有趣,很多学生改变不了用纸媒书籍学习的习惯。例如,我的同龄人,他们不习惯也不喜欢电子书,尤其是以电子书作为教科书,因为电子阅读极其不便,无法随时地做标记和笔记。
2. 对比其他的电子读物,传统的纸媒有其优势。具体而言,很多电子小说可随意发表,质量难保证,但是,纸媒书籍,比较而言,内容优质。 例如,作为文学 爱好 者,我喜欢阅读文学作品, 网络小说很少吸引我,因为其内容比较庸俗,文笔很差,极少带来阅读快感。相反,我自己喜欢阅读一本名为《作家》的杂志,我不读网络杂志,因为拿到一本新书的感觉很踏实,淡淡的墨香激发我立刻阅读的兴趣。
手机阅读或网络阅读的利好:(让步段)
我承认,电子阅读也有其流行的理由,例如:储存量大,携带便利,价格低廉,资源丰富,比较环保。但是,我想反驳的是:电子阅读也有其弊端。比如,长期接触电子辐射有害视力,另外,电子书库信息量很大,有时候,我们反而无从选择自己的喜欢的书籍。
【尾段 总结 】电子阅读仅仅是传统阅读的一种有效的补充,而非替代品。
【新东方网薛鹏原创语料库】
【基础写作语料库】
1. printed books n印刷书籍
2. e-reading n电子阅读
3. deeply rooted reading habit n 根深蒂固的阅读习惯
4. can never replace traditional way of reading v永远无法代替传统的阅读方式
5. A and B are not mutually exclusive …… 和 …… 不是互相排斥的
【新东方网薛鹏原创语料库】
1. The past century has witnessed tremendous technological progress and these changes re-shaped some people’s reading choices. 一百年来,科技在进步,这种进步也改变了很多人的阅读选择。
解析:tremendous = great 巨大的
2. People still read, however,some people might have different preferences such as on-line reading or appreciating their favorite books via the cell phone 人们依然在阅读,但是,人们的喜好也许在变化,例如很多人喜欢网络阅读和手机阅读。
解析:via prep通过
3. Some people argue that if the popularity of e-reading keeps expanding at current rate, our reading will be dominated by on-line or cell phone reading two decades later 有人认为如果电子阅读以这样的速度上升,20年后,手机阅读和网络阅读最终将会占据主导地位。
4. It is true that the number of reading printed books is, to some extent,declining, but, this trend does not necessarily indicate conventional way of reading will give way to e-reading. 的确,那些阅读印刷书籍的人数在一定程度上减少,但是,这不一定意味着电子阅读会取代传统阅读。
5. The quality of many e-books cannot be ensured because almost every individual can publish articles on line,conversely,reading printed books with excellent contents can stir readers’ imagination, tap their creativity and deepen their insights into their lives. 因为几乎人人可以发表网络文章,所以,很多电子读物的质量难以保障,相反,阅读内容优质的纸媒书籍可以激发人的 想象力 ,开发人的创造性,加深人对于生活的洞察。
6. Indeed,I have to concede that many readers,especially teenagers, seem to be drawn to the popular e-reading.我承认,很多人,尤其是青少年读者,似乎被被流行的电子阅读所吸引。
7. Nonetheless,I want to rebut that on no account can we neglect the downsides triggered by e-reading. 但是,我想反驳的是任何情况下我们不能忽视电子阅读带来的弊端。
8. First,as for some of my peers,it is hard for them to change deeply rooted habit of reading printed books or newspapers. 对于我的很多同龄人而言,他们很难改变根深蒂固的阅读纸媒的习惯。
9. No matter how convenient or amusing e-reading is,I still have a preference for reading printed newspapers and magazines.无论电子阅读多么便利和有趣,我依然喜欢阅读印刷版的报纸杂志。
10. For example,as a literature fancier,I take keen interest in reading a magazine entitled Writer,I can either read printed book or and enjoy on-line magazine, however, I still have a sentimental attachment to the traditional way of reading 例如,我是文学发烧友,很喜欢阅读一本名为《作家》的杂志,我可以选择购买书籍,也可以选择网络阅读,但是,我始终对于传统的阅读方式更加依赖.
解析:have a sentimental attachment to 对于……有情感的依恋
11. The ink fragrance of the book never fails to make me feel at ease, when holding a newly published magazine, I usually have an impulse of browsing the book and make some personal notes immediately .一本新书散发着墨香,拿在手里,比较踏实,我可以随时笔记。
解析:make me feel at ease v使我感到心安
12. E-books enjoy their unique merits. To name just a few, e-books have large storage room, are easy to carry, have rich on-line resources and so on 电子阅读有其独有的利好, 例如,电子书存储量大,携带便利,资源丰富等等。
13. Seen from the perspective of health, chronic exposure to the screen might impair one’s eyesight 从健康的角度而言,长期接触电子辐射有害视力。
解析:chronic adj 长期的
解析:impair one’s eyesight v 有害视力
14. With the availability of an ocean of e-books,sometimes,it is hard for readers to select their favorite books. 电子书库信息量很大,有时候,读者反而无从选择他们的喜欢的书籍。
15. The ideal learning effect created by printed books can never be matched by e-reading. 使用纸媒书籍,效果更佳,电子阅读,难以实现。
托福写作高分范文大全
托福备考的过程中,要想写作取得优势,多阅读一些 范文 是十分有必要的,下面我给大家带来托福写作高分 范文大全 ,快来学习吧!
托福写作高分范文大全1
Task:It has been said, “Not everything that is learned is contained in books.” Compare and contrast knowledge gained from experience with knowledge gained from books. In your opinion, which source is more important? Why?.
托福写作模板范文参考:
We all crave knowledge, especially in this Age of Information, but what is the best source of knowledge? Are we to believe Albert Camus, who stated” The place we are to get knowledge is in books”? Or are we better served by following Albert Einstein's counsel that “The only source of knowledge is experience”? Although books have their place in one's learning, there is no substitute for experience; indeed, it is experience that is ultimately the most important source of knowledge.
First, let us consider the knowledge needed to undertake a profession-for example, that of a physician. Knowledge gained from books provides the foundation of a doctor's training: study in a medical school begins with a near-overload of reading on anatomy, physiology and maladies both rare and common. However, during this time the medical student is also learning through experience, beginning with dissecting cadavers from almost the first day of medical school. Then, the aspiring physician must complete four years of residency, consisting of actual supervised experience at a hospital in which he or she now must put into practice all of the knowledge he or she has edge of dealing with patients, prescribing medication, and the joy and sadness of saving and losing patients; in other words, it is through experience that these residents finally learn what it means to be a doctor.
What about knowledge other than professional expertise-for example, knowledge about another culture? In this realm as well, both books and real-life experience enrich and edify us. For example, Paris is perhaps the most talked-about and written-about city in the world. We could read Hemingway's A Moveable Feast, in which he describes the excitement and intellectual spirit-as well as the restaurants and plentiful red wine-of Paris in the 1920's. Or, we could travel to Paris and eat at bistros, walk across the Pont Neuf and look at the river Seine, visit the Louvre museum, and have adventures of our own. Clearly, most people would have attained more lasting and vivid knowledge by visiting Paris on their own rather than reading about it secondhand.
In summary, experience, rather than books, is more central to our quest for learning, especially with regard to professional expertise. With regard to learning about another culture, experience is also irreplaceable. Yet not everyone in the world will have the health or financial resources to carry out a trip to Paris. But many people have access to a local library where they can borrow A Moveable Feast and, at no cost, read Hemingway's vibrant descriptions of Paris. We cannot forget the complementary and unique knowledge afforded by books, but experience is the most precious source of knowledge.
托福写作高分范文大全2
Task:“When people succeed, it is because of hard work. Luck has nothing to do with success.” Do you agree or disagree with the quotation above? Use specific reasons and examples to explain your position.
托福写作模板范文参考:
It is universally acknowledged that hard work is indispensable to success. Scientists toil for years before they make a major discovery. Students study for years before they are accepted by a top university. Self-make people work for a long time, even all their life before they make a fortune. However, less well-known is the essential role that luck plays in achieving one's goals. It is often luck that turns years of hard work into success: people discover and invent things with the help of luck, and so do they become famous and find jobs.
First, luck has helped a great number of people invent and discover things. Sir Alexander Fleming experimented with antibacterial substances for nine years before he discovered penicillin. He went through laborious trial and error, but it was on account of luck that he looked at the mold on a piece of cheese and got the idea for penicillin there and then. Benjamin Franklin had been trying to prove his idea that lightning and electricity is the same thing, but it was only in flying a kite that he proved it and the concept of a lightning rod happened to strike him.
Also, luck helps people become famous. Let us consider young authors. Many work hard to learn to write. For example, they take writing classes. Besides, they work at menial jobs so as to survive and gain experience. Then one day a lucky writer may have piece of writing published and attract public attention. Or the writer meets an editor at the right time and place. Years of continuous writing brings the writer to the door of success, but one lucky chance, like the shot in soccer, eventually helps him or her reap success.
Finally, luck has helped many people secure jobs. One may spend much time writing and sending resumes, reading recruiting ads, and going to job interviews. One may pond the pavement for a long time before getting a job. However, it is with luck that a job hunter meets the person who will offer a position to him or her, or learns of a vacancy that is not advertised. Being at the right place at the right time often helps one land a job, and this has all to do with luck. One can hardly succeed without hard work, but hard work without luck often leads to nothing. Luck has a great number of people find success. In fact, luck goes hand in hand with hard work.
托福写作高分范文大全3
Task:Some people believe that university students should be required to attend classes. Others believe that going to classes should be optional for students. Which point of view do you agree with? Use specific reasons and examples to explain your position.
托福写作模板范文参考:
Some people think that university students should be able to choose whether to go to classes or not. I could not disagree more with this idea. Even though students can have excused absences, for example, when they are sick or have something emergent to attend, generally they should be required to go to classes. In fact, attending classes has many advantages, three of them most important: learning from the teacher, interacting with classmates, and developing responsibility. Attending classes has the benefit of receiving the best that a teacher can offer. Good teachers review the difficult and key pints of the material in the course textbook. The best teachers do more than this. They conduct group discussion of the material, and present alternative points of view on the same issue. This increases students' real understanding and critical thinking.
Moreover, teachers supplement the textbook material with information provide by guest speakers, which further enhances students' understanding. All this implies that, if students are absent from class, it is tantamount to forfeiting their right to full benefits of teacher-guided learning in class. Going to classes also helps students learn how to work with their classmates. In class, students need to put forward their ideas. They have to take questions from their classmates and when their classmates have a different point of view, they have to defend their own. All this is conducted in a friendly manner. Interaction of this kind teaches students about how to work with other people.
Finally, going to classes enables students to develop responsibility. Having to finish all the assigned readings before class helps prepare them for getting a job. So does the requirement of being punctual for class. Similarly, having to complete assignment on time for class helps them to foster responsibility.
Admittedly, students can obtain information from books, but they benefit a great deal more when they go to classes. They have the advantage of learning from their teacher, of interacting with other people, and of developing the responsibility required of a good worker as well as a good student. If these skills in life are in no sense optional, how can attending classes in a university be optional?
托福写作高分范文大全4
托福考试 作文 题目:
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Most experiences in our lives that seemed difficult at the time become valuable lessons for the future. Use reasons and specific examples to support our answer.
托福考试作文参考分析:
举一些例子支持题目中的观点,确实有些痛苦经历对将来毫无帮助。
托福考试作文范文参考:
Some people argue that most experiences in our lives that seemed difficult at the time can later become valuable experiences. I cannot agree with them more. There are numerous reasons why I hold confidence on this opinion, and I would explore only a few primary ones here.
Difficulties are beneficial to our personal growth. In the course of our life, we will face numerous difficulties, and each difficulty will help us grow up, and become a valuable lesson for the future. A toddler fells off the ground for many times before he knows how to walk, and a child learns how to swim after he drinks water in the swimming pool. In addition, only after we experienced failures, we know the value of success. We will never appreciate anything that comes so easy. Difficulties can make us feel stronger and be more confident for the future obstacles.
Furthermore, difficulties in our work can help us gain more experience and knowledge. Most of the times we can gain knowledge and experiences faster through experiencing difficulties in our life and trying to find a solutions to the perplexities that we face. There is a famous saying, "no pain no gain." For example, when we take on a new job that we do not have much experience in, the first few weeks can be extremely painful and we may feel enormous pressure and difficulties. And we will try our best to adjust, to learn and to think, how to do this job better. The more difficulties we feel, the harder we try to acquire the skills and knowledge to overcome it. Learning and this stage is extremely efficient and our problem solving skills well increase. After we overcome more and more problems, we can become an experienced worker in this field and will be able to take on more challenges. We will never fear that we will face the same kind of problem again. This means that we have accumulated valuable experiences for the future.
In a word, a difficult experience is a gift that life gives us. We should appreciate it and take it as a precious opportunity to gain knowledge and experience about our study, work and life.
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托福写作《祖父母与年轻人》
托福考试的备考,作文是不能忽略的重点。尤其是托福作文经常会与一些社会上的热点话题联系在一起。因此考生在备考时,可多练习一些热点话题的托福写作。下面为大家带来一篇讨论祖父母与年轻人的2023 托福写作范文,供大家参考。
The advice from grandparents have no use for their grandchildren because the world has changed a lot during the past 50 years.
Throughout the gradual changes occurring to the whole human society, the value of advice from the older generation has become one of the most controversial issues among the general public. Many youngsters are the strong supporters of the claim that the huge changes in the past half century has made the suggestions from grandparents useless. As far as I am concerned, the advice from the senior is not worth following, which is particularly true of hunting for an ideal job and receiving education.
To begin with, consider the job-hunting. With the further specification of industries, an increasing amount of new careers and job position are created, some of which are out of the understanding of the old people. For example, because of the remarkable booming of internet companies, the professional video gamers, which are considered inferior by the senior, has become a job which enjoy great popularity among the young. As a result, the standard of judging whether a job is good or not has changed a lot so that the advice from grandparents about choosing a decent job is outdated. According to a survey conducted by a newspaper titiled China Daily among 1,000 people aged over 60 about the ideal job they consider, more than 95% of the surveyed vote for the so-called iron-bowl jobs such as teachers and civil servants, which has become obsolete to some extent. Therefore, the lack of knowledge about the modern job markets makes grandparents unable to provide feasible guidance for their grandchildren.
Furthermore, the same logic can apply to the issue of getting educated. For one thing, with the advances in technology, the ways of obtaining knowledge have become diverse and various, with the result that grandparents are not accustomed to these ways. For instance, it quite common to see that pupils learn English by watching English movies played on the computers. However, grandparents may ban such behaviors of their grandchildren by claiming that using computer can do nothing but waste their time and do harm to their vision. For another, the further specification of majors in college or universities make the knowledge imparted to students today quite different from that gained by grandparents 50 years ago.Consequently, their suggestions about the major-choosing of the young people may be misleading.
Taking what has been discussed above into account, I can draw the conclusion that the advice from grandparents is not useful any more for their grandchildren for the past 50 years has witnessed so many changes especially in education and employment.
附:托福写作点拨:结尾要体现思想的深度,paraphrase的功底以及适当的肯定。
一坨屎应该最恨第一段和最后一段几乎一模一样的作文了。你们看到这种作文会不会也很火大?所以写出好结尾是最难也最能抓分的.。
[屁股]的意见:
1)思想深度不用讲。如果有,把那句意味深长、富有哲理的话放到段落最后,引起人们无限的遐思。这个思路和中文写作是一样的。如果没有名人名言,可以自己写。或陈述或反问或引用。总比万年不变的“therefore, I think we should choose work in the office instead of at home.”要好得多。
2)据某大神说,结尾的段首承认一下反方观点存在一定的道理会有惊喜~大家考试可以试一试。体现我们“风度”和“critical thinking”的大好时机。
3)paraphrase自己的观点切勿原搬照抄段首!大忌阿!实在没时间也只能是下下策,但是动词、语态你总要改一改吧,不然这样的结尾也给高分,那是太便宜你了。最好的方法是把主题提高一个层次。比如说“我们需要坚持听课,不翘课”可以在段尾写成,每天认真听课是学习进步的不二法门这种。上升一个境界。不要过于死抠一坨屎给的arguement。
托福写作结尾模板
为了帮助大家写好托福 作文 的结尾段,不断提高自己的托福分数,下面我给大家带来托福写作结尾模板,来参考学习一下!
托福写作结尾原则
在之前的 文章 中我们探讨过如何快速准确地开头,如何避免一些常见的错误,包括语法错误和标点错误,那一篇好的作文肯定也离开一个漂亮的结尾,那么这里我们再来探讨一下如何做好托福独立写作的收尾工作。不
末段强化阅卷人对文章的整体印象。新托福官方指南指出文章末段通常要完成下列任务:
1讨论作者自己的看法的重要性
2 以不同的措辞复述文章的主题
3 总结 本文的主要论点
4 还可以包含轶事,引语,统计数字或者建议
托福写作结尾段句型
After pondering this question on many occasions, I have finally reached the conclusion that…
Given the factors I have just outlined, I believe that
All the reasons above have led to the conclusion that …
Finally, I want to reinforce my standpoint that….
In a word/in summary/to conclude, it is more valuable to…
In light/view of the above arguments, I would like to restate my point that
From what I mentioned above, we can draw a conclusion that
Based on that, we can safely assume that
With all factors being considered, it’s reasonable to believe that
In a word/in summary/to conclude, it is more valuable that
托福写作结尾模板
仔细解读了这个规定,我总结出了几个比较常用的文章结尾。
重申立场+总结理由
简而言之,此 方法 就是再陈述一下对于文章的看法,然后分别列出支持你的观点理由,这些理由全完可以是主体段落的主题句的改写
题目:More and more people are spending money on their pets, even though there can be other good ways to spend money.
From what I mentioned above, we can draw a conclusion that even though the sharp expense on pets may seem puzzling, when all things are considered, it is worth spending money on their pets. Since the emotional gratification people receive from their pets immensely far outweighs what they can get by spending in other aspects.
让步+转折
此方法特别适用于反对题目观点的结尾,就是先承认题目说的有一些道理,然而有更好的方法来或者更重要的方面。
题目:Good communication skill is the most important characters for a person who wants to become successful.
Admittedly, a silver tongue makes it easier to feed ourselves. (让步)However, we should also take into consideration the importance of our aspiration, practical capabilities, as well as commitment due to diverse requirements of different jobs.
重申立场+强调题目观点带来的后果
此方法特别适用于绝对类型的题目,因为一般太绝对的东西大家都会认为太局限,那这时候我们就可以强调一下该观点不是完全正确的,如果一直都这样做,会导致一个什么后果就可以了
题目:We should never be impolite in the modern society.
Being polite to others is a virtue, but sometimes being polite is only a twisted virtue. We should be gentle and polite to others in most cases, but if we still remain polite when treated intolerantly or even threatened rudely by bad people, it maybe brings about some bad consequences.
重申立场+提出建议
该方法是站在比较中立的立场所给出的自己的一个建议,适用范围比较广,我们只需在结尾的地方提出一些建议就可以了。
题目:. In order for a business to succeed, it must put more money in advertising.
In view of the above arguments, there are other aspects like investment, management, and services, that are of equal or more significance in a business’s success under different circumstances. That’s what enables me to come to the conclusion that putting more money in advertising isn’t always the ultimate solution to a business’s success. Given the fact that business thrives on high-quality products and services, it’s highly suggested a business maintain the quality of it’s products and services while focusing on the primary issues.
重申立场+反问句
就是重申自己的观点,加上一个反问句来结尾,我们都知道反问句都有增强句式的优点,所以此方法很容易让人们信服你自己的
题目:In order for a business to succeed, it must put more money in advertising.
To sum up, I agree that it is necessary for businessman to invest money and energy in advertising. From the perspective of business, how can one possibly deny that the advertisement make the products recognizable and trustworthy to buyers?
托福写作 范文 :现在比以前更容易接受 教育
托福独立写作真题
Nowadays it is easier to be an educated person than it was in the past.
托福独立写作题目
It is easier to become a educated person today than it was in the past.
点睛
题目大意:成为一个受过教育的人现在要比过去更加容易。此题属于典型的古今对比,常见的思考方向有:科技水平、物质水平、受教育水平、人们的意识和观念、社会的趋势和政策。波波建议选择同意,因为高科技的产品出现和人们教育意识的提升。
托福独立写作范文一
As is known to all, receiving education has always been the main way for us to acquire knowledge throughout the human civilization history. Recently there has been a hot debate whether education today is more accessible to the public than in the past. As far as I am concerned, there is no doubt that people nowadays have much easier access to education with the following reasons.
To begin with, the advent of various high-tech products has enriched the ways and approaches to receive education. Obviously, with the introduction of advanced means of education, educational resources take on multiple forms such as distant education and online study, which make knowledge more accessible to us. However, in the past, the only way to get educated was to attend classess in traditional schools, which definitely increases the difficulty of gaining education. For example, in the process of making preparations for TOEFL test, I want to take class in Beijing New Oriental School. But I am an undergraduate student of a university far away from Beijing. Meanwhile, due to the academic pressure from my college study, it is impossible for me to take a month off and to have an intensive course in Beijing. Thanks to the online courses, I can take these classes in my college while handling the tasks and assignment from my field of study. The online courses make possible the in-time response to my questions and online submission of assignments.
Secondly, since more and more importance is being attached to education, it is much easier and essential to get educated than in the past. Under the society full of intense competition, acquiring formal education has become the essenital precondition for anyone to make a living. As a result, the public awareness of receiving education is much stronger than before, leading to a common phenomenon that an increasing number of parents send their kids to study abroad. However, in the bygone days/in the old days, the requirement for a person was not as strict as it is today, with the result that less attention was paid to education. According to a survey conducted by the National Educational Department in China, the number of students who take the national college entrance examination has risen from 88.3% in 2008 to 92.5% in 2013. Meanwhile, another research shows that the literacy rate in China has increased by 23.6% in 2013 compared with 61.50% in 1993. The above data has shown that the number of educated people has gone through a dramatic rise, which indirectly indicates that education now is more available to the public.
Admittedly, some areas in the world may be cited as an exception. For instance, people in the war-stricken areas including Iraq and Syria do not have easier access to education and some of them are even on the verge of starvation. In these areas, the current educational situation is not better than that in the past. However, such cases only occupy such a tiny percentage of the global population that they can be neglected.
In conclusion, I believe that it is much easier for the public to receive education than in the past with the aid of technology and the awakening sense of education.(By Zhaobo, 534 words)(新东方 赵波)
托福独立写作范文二
Access to education is an indispensable part of one’s privilege regardless of one’s gender, culture, and family background. When it comes to the availability of educational resources, some believe that it is more difficult for kids from common household to get decent education due to the wide gap between rich and poor and the ever-increasing tuitions, while others claim that it is much easier for people to have access to different educational resources than ever before. I, personally, tend to argue that multiple educational resources are more accessible to modern people based on the following reasons.
First off, the advent of technological gadgets makes it possible for people from common family backgrounds to gain access to education. To be more specific, with the appearance of smart phones, tablets and computer laptops, it is easier for people of all age groups, including adolescents and teenagers, to get access to all kinds of education resources. For example, with internet access and a laptop, which is basically a necessity for everyone, people of all age groups can get proper education especially with the establishment of massive on-line open course like courser, Edx, etc. These massive on-line courses covers a wide range of topics ranging from computer science, coding, to language learning and soft skill development. In sharp contrast, a few decades ago, people from poverty-stricken areas had never dreamed of attending the lectures offered by world-renowned professors, however, with the above-mentioned resources, it is absolutely possible for those people to realize their dreams. Thus, state-of-the-art technology makes if possible for people to have full access to high quality educational resources.
Additionally, governments have put so much financial and human resources to provide education at different levels so that people enjoy a better chance to be educated. For instance, Chinese government spared no effort in this regard since education from kindergarten to twelfth grade is fully subsidized and such educational experience is accessible to children from both rural and urban areas. Besides, institutions of higher learning and various research centers receive state fund, and the figure is so phenomenal that it is not exaggerated to claim that it is in billions of U.S. dollars. Such foundations can be for multiple purpose, like purchasing advanced science equipment, attracting bring young researchers and scientists, funding cutting-edge research to improve people’s livelihood, directly and indirectly. All of these institutions and universities are in a better position to provide education resources to people.
In conclusion, it is much easier for people to get education of all level ranging from kindergarten to tertiary education since education comes in handy with advanced technological tools like these massive on-line courses and governments’ effort to improve people’s educational experience. (By Meng, Yan ;565 words)(新东方 孟炎)
托福写作话题之校园类
为了帮助大家备考托福写作,熟悉各种话题的写作,下面我给大家带来托福写作话题之校园类,望喜欢!
托福独立写作素材——话题:校园 教育
1. have a grasp of 领会,掌握
You will have an accurate grasp of your strengths and weaknesses after you take the test.
在你考试以后就你那精准了解自己的优缺点。
If you find it hard to keep up in class, hiring a tutor can help you out to gain a better grasp.
如果你在课堂觉得很难跟得上,找个家教能帮你更好掌握。
2. draw on 吸取,借鉴,利用
In every discipline, creativity also draws on skill, knowledge and control.
在每个学科中,创新同样要利用技术,知识和管理力。
The benefit of learning history is that people can draw on experience from the past.
学历史的好处是人们可以吸取过去的 经验 教训。
3. open up job prospects 打开职业前景
Work preparation can offer students a competitive edge and open up job prospects.
职业规划 可以为学生们提供竞争优势并且打开职业前景。
In a less-than-ideal economy, job hunter may have a hard time opening up job prospects.
经济不景气的时候,求职者想要打开职业前景就会有些困难。
4. rise above + n. 克服
Successful man have the capacity to rise above challenges and obstacles in life.
成功人士有克服挑战和困难的能力。
Community service provides students with opportunities to push some boundaries and rise above obstacles.
社区服务提供给学生挑战自我并且克服困难的好机会。
5. lag behind 落后
If you find it hard to keep it up in class, sign up for a course or hire a tutor. Don't lag behind.
如果你发现跟上班里的节奏很难,去报个班或是请个家教。别落后。
Underachievers who have short attention spans are quite likely to lag behind in school.
容易走神的后进生在学校很容易落后。
6. work toward a goal 向着某一目标去努力
Active employee involvement enables the team to work toward a common goal.
让员工积极参与可以使得团队朝着同一个目标前进。
Sure, a practical plan allow individuals to work steadily toward their personal and career goals.
当然,一个务实的计划能让人们更平稳地为个人和工作目标去努力。
7. instill…in sb. 向某人灌输……
Many students all try to instill perseverance in the face of adversity in their students.
许多学校都努力灌输给学生在面对逆境时不屈不挠的精神。
Through helping children with schoolwork, parents can instill children with values that allow them to successfully purse their ambition.
通过辅导孩子的功课, 父母可以灌输给他们以后能帮助孩子实现抱负的重要价值观。
8. miss out on sth. 错失,失去
Many children have some exposure to TV, but if they become reliant on screen time to relax, chances are that they will miss out on other meaningful experiences.
很多孩子都接触到电视,但是如果他们太依赖于电视来放松的话,他们可能就会失去参加其他活动的宝贵机会。
Employees should be brought into the decision-making process, otherwise the company will miss out on new thoughts and novel ideas.
下属应参与决策的过程,不然公司就会错过很多新颖的想法。
9. take initiative to do(= show proactivity in doing)积极主动做某事
As creative employees do not believe in simply doing what they are asked to do, they show more commitment and proactivity in exploring other opportunities.
一个有创造力的员工不会只做被告诉的事情,他们会更积极地寻找机会
College students should take initiative to experiment with new working experience and social practice.
大学生应主动尝试新的工作经历和 社会实践 。
10. come in handy 派的上用场,有用
Skills offered in job preparation programs will come in handy when student set out for job markets.
实习期学到的技巧在就业时就能派的上用场
Many college students attend social activities to network with like-minded peers because they believe that such connections will come in handy later in life.
很多大学生参加社交活动来结识志同道合的同龄人,因为他们相信这些人脉以后一定会派的上用场。
11. stem from 来源于
A great deal of the pressure and anxiety about school stems from the college admission race.
关于学校的很多压力和焦虑都来源于考大学的竞争。
A person's commitment to learning something hard usually stems from interest and passion.
一个人学一个很难的科目的执着往往来源于兴趣和热爱。
12. budget one's time 计划,安排时间
Kids should be taught to budget their time wisely with homework.
孩子应该被教会合理地安排做作业的时间。
High schoolers who are over-scheduled should learn to budget their time more effectively.
事件被安排的满满的高中生应该学会更有效的利用时间。
13. over-scheduled 事件被安排的满满的
If you are seen over-scheduled, hyper and always on the go, your boss will fell that this is a good way to be.
如果看到你时间安排得满满的,精神亢奋并总是很忙,领导会觉得这样很好。
This week-to-week grind leaves us feeling over-tired, over-scheduled and not able to enjoy life.
这周而复始的苦活儿留给我们的只有疲惫不堪,慢慢的安排,无法享受生活。
14. sleep deprivation 睡眠不足,缺觉
There has been a serious problem with sleep deprivation, because it makes you unable to concentrate even when you are awake.
睡眠不足会引起严重的问题,因为它会使你即使醒着也很难注意力集中。
Students who suffer from sleep deprivation will end up with falling grades and poor performance at school.
睡眠不足的学生会成绩下降,在校表现不佳。
15. a means of self-expression 一种自我表达的形式
Music provides a medium through which students may learn to express themselves.
音乐提供了一种媒介,通过这种媒介学生也许能学会表达自己。
Art and music can be seen as a means of self-expression, offering a multitude of benefits to students.
艺术和音乐被看作一种自我表达的方式,提供给学生大量的好处。
a multitude of + countable noun
托福写作 范文 之校园 生活类
托福写作参考范文
People attend college or university for many different reasons (for example, new experiences, career preparation, increased knowledge). Why do you think people attend college or university? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
参考范文:
eople attend colleges or universities for a lot of different reasons. I believe that the three most common reasons are to prepare for a career, to have new experiences, and to increase their knowledge of themselves and the world around them.
Career preparation is becoming more and more important to young people. For many, this is the primary reason to go to college, They know that the job market is competitive. At college, they can learn new skill for careers with a lot of opportunities. This means careers, such as information technology, that are expected to need a large workforce in the coming years.
Also, students go to colleges and universities to have new experiences. This often means having the opportunity to meet people different from those in their hometowns. For most students, going to college is the first time they’ve been away from home by themselves. In additions, this is the first time they’ve had to make decisions on their own. Making these decisions increases their knowledge of themselves.
Besides looking for self-knowledge, people also attend a university or college to expand their knowledge in subjects they find interesting. For many, this will be their last chance for a long time to learn about something that doesn’t relate to their career.
I would recommend that people not be so focused on a career. They should go to college to have new experiences and learn about themselves and the world they live in.
托福写作模板:学校如何改善学生宿舍
题目
The university will spend money on the dormitory to improve the life quality of students. Which of the following do you think is the best way?
1) Providing a room for quiet study
2) Building an exercise room
3) Providing entertainment place (watch film)
范文1:For Choice 2
If a university wants to improve the quality of life for the students, it should install an exercise room in each dormitory. Exercise balances out a quiet lifestyle based on studying(运动万能句). An exercise room could contain equipment that is impossible to keep in a dorm room, give students as safe place to work out, and provide an opportunity to meet people with the same interests.
分论点1:运动对学生很重要Exercise is essential for students, but often they neglect working out and focus only on studies. An exercise room in the dormitory would be easily accessible, so would encourage students to take a short break to keep their bodies fit. An exercise room could contain equipment such as weight benches and stationary bicycles(器械名称积累) that are too big to keep in the individual dorm room or too expensive to buy or transport from home. An exercise room, therefore, would be a great investment for the university because it would provide the students with training facilities that they would not otherwise have access to without leaving the campus.
分论点2:保障学生安全A dormitory exercise room is also a wise idea because students would have a safe place to work out. The university could ensure that the equipment is clean and operating properly. On top of that, students would not have to leave the building to work out. Staying inside benefits the students in two ways. 原因1:避免路途中发生危险First, they do not have to worry about walking alone, possibly late at night when classes are over. That way they do not have to risk trouble with strangers or people following them. 原因2:避免温度变化引起生病Second, they are not exposed to a severe change in temperature. For example, working out in a warm place and stepping outside in the winter, a person can become sick. Such problems are prevented by staying in the same building.
分论点3:有助于社交Another reason to have an exercise room is to encourage students tointeract with each other(社交万能句). Students may find it fun to exercise together, urging each other on. Students who enjoy exercising can meet each other and become friends. If the students only exercise on their own, they may not realize that someone else has the same interests. Even if they live in the same dorm, they might not have the same classes, and therefore, not have any reason to speak to each other. A common bond of working out together could be formed if the university installed exercise rooms.
An exercise room allows students to work out on equipment they can’t bring from home in asafe environment with other students who enjoy the same activities. Therefore, adding an exercise room is a great investment for a university.
balance out
平衡,抵消
work out
锻炼
on top of that
除此以外
to risk trouble with _ X
冒着与 _ X 产生麻烦的风险
a severe change in temperature
天气的剧烈变化
urge each other on
相互督促
范文2:For Choice 3
To improve the quality of life of its students, our university should create an entertainment room in each dormitory building. An entertainment room would give students a chance to watch movies or attend activities that they otherwise could not, would allow students to make friends with the same interests, and would ensure a safe environment to relax.
分论点1:帮助学生省钱The stereotype of the “starving college student” may seem trite, but many students are on a tight budget and do not have excess cash for fun, extravagant activities(省钱万能句). Such students would greatly benefit from an entertainment room because they could, for example, watch movies without paying premium prices to go to a theater. They could enjoy a game of Ping-Pong without needing a car to drive to a community center with a Ping-Pong table. In other words, if each dormitory had its own activity room, students could enjoy a wide range of activities that they otherwise could not afford to do.
分论点2:有助于社交Furthermore, an entertainment room would encourage students to leave their dorm rooms and interact with a larger range of students. Instead of closeting themselves in a single room with an internet connection to the outside world, they can laugh and talk with others about the activities(社交万能句). Students with different majors or from different grade levels may not have classes in common, but in the activity room, they can find others with the same interests and eventually become friends(社交万能句). Therefore, an entertainment room would provide opportunities to increase social networks(社交万能句).
分论点3:保障学生安全Finally, college students often try risky or outright dangerous stuntsbecause they are living away from home for the first time. For example, they may drink a lot of alcohol and drive a car. In contrast, a dormitory entertainment room could provide safe activities. The room can be monitored so that there are no abuses of drugs or inappropriate behavior, allowing students to relax and enjoy themselves. In addition, if students get together regularly, they can easily observe negative changes in behavior such as a decline into depression(社交的好处、保护学生安全的万能句). Therefore, an entertainment room would give the students a chance to avoid dangerous activities and notice problems before they become serious.
In conclusion, our university should consider adding entertainment rooms in each dormitory. Such rooms can allow students to participate in fun activities and meet others in a safe and supportive environment.
the stereotype of _ X
_ X 的刻板印象
a tight budget
预算紧张
have excess cash for fun, extravagant activities有多余的钱用于有趣的、奢侈的活动
closet themselves in a single room把他们自己关在房间里
outright dangerous stunts完全危险的特技
a decline into depression衰退为抑郁症
in a safe and supportive environment在一个安全的、支持性的环境中
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